Be careful when building industrial boilers with refractory bricks

Masonry work essentials and masonry requirements for industrial boiler masonry

masonry preparations

(1) Conditions that should be met at the construction site
1) The combination and installation of the steel structure, heating surface, furnace wall parts and other devices at the construction site and the hydraulic test have been completed and accepted.
2) The on-site cleaning of the furnace body construction site shall be clean and qualified after inspection.
3) The construction site should be protected from rain or frost.

(2) Inspection of construction materials
The quality of refractory materials, thermal insulation materials and their products used in furnace masonry should meet the requirements of corresponding standards or industry standards, and they should have a certificate of conformity and undergo appearance inspection and sampling inspection before they can be used.

(3) Stacking of construction materials
Refractories, insulation, fillers and mud are generally required to be stored in warehouses and sheds. Brick stacks should be stacked according to the construction sequence and different specifications, and stacked neatly.

(4) Preparation of construction materials
The masonry work of the furnace body should be carried out in accordance with the technical documents such as the masonry drawings, masonry instructions, and masonry material preparation instructions provided by the boiler manufacturer.

Furnace Masonry Requirements
(1) Refractory materials and thermal insulation materials should be moisture-proof.
(2) The refractory mud is compatible with the refractory bricks.
(3) The refractory brick masonry should be built with staggered joints, and no through joints are allowed. Brick joint mud should be full and uniform:
(4) The brick joints of the masonry should be controlled at 2~3mm.
(5) The masonry should be flat and vertical, and the masonry should be checked frequently.
(6) Wet the red brick with water before laying it, the surface of the masonry should be clean, and the surface should be jointed after the red brick is laid.

Important parts of industrial boiler refractory brick masonry to be cautious

1. The masonry of the furnace body must pass the boiler water pressure test, and the installation quality of all the parts built into the wall, the water pipes, the supports and hoisting devices of the furnace top meet the design and masonry requirements, and then the furnace can be carried out. Construction of wall refractory brick masonry. The general rules for laying bricks are as follows:
(1) The refractoriness of the mud used for building refractory bricks should be compatible with the refractoriness of the masonry.
(2) The refractory temperature of the processed surface and the defective surface of the brick is low, and it is not suitable to face the inner surface of the furnace or the furnace passage during masonry.
(3) The masonry should be built with staggered joints, the upper and lower floors should not have vertical through joints, and the multi-layer bricks should not have inside and outside through joints. The mud in the brick joints should be full and even.
(4) The brick joint is the weak part of the masonry, so the brick joint should be built as thin as possible, generally 2~3mm.
(5) When the quality of the bricks cannot meet the requirements of the masonry for the brick joints, the bricks should be selected or processed to ensure the quality of the masonry.
(6) The red brick should be soaked with water before masonry, and the surface of the red brick should be cleaned and jointed.
(7) The masonry of the furnace wall shall be flat and vertical, and shall be qualified by the tool inspection.

2. Masonry of the furnace bottom Before the bottom of the furnace is built, the bottom should be laid first. The purpose is to prepare the base of the furnace bottom and furnace wall for laying bricks. At the same time, it is also to create a flat surface for the bottom of the furnace and the flue. When the error is large and negative, cement mortar can be used for leveling, and individual protruding parts are cut and leveled to meet the specified requirements. The base surface is paved with thick mud. When building slope-shaped base bricks, slope lines can be drawn on the walls on both sides first, and then the line is built. For example, when building a slope shape with large blocks of masonry, it can be built by flat laying and retreating, and the stepped shape left by the retreating platform is filled with refractory castables of the same material to form the slope surface, and then the bottom bricks are laid. The sequence of laying bricks at the bottom is to first release the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the furnace body on the basis, and after verifying that they are correct, release the inner and outer edge lines of the walls around the furnace body. The wall line payout should be carried out inward and outward to ensure the accurate size of the furnace. The bottom is laid horizontally, horizontally or sideways, but the rules of staggered joints must also be followed. The upper layer of bricks at the bottom of the furnace and the flue are generally laid horizontally so as to be perpendicular to the flow direction of the slag and airflow.

furnace wall masonry

1. The brick joints and staggered joints of the furnace wall are mostly flat masonry, and sometimes fine masonry is also used. Two brick-thick walls use a layer of two-column bricks and one row of top bricks in the middle, and another layer of two-column top bricks, and the staggered horizontal and vertical joints only move on the same surface of the brick layer. 1/4 bricks are used to achieve the staggered vertical joints, and the staggered vertical joints are two-column top-laying and two-column-laying plus one-column top-laying bricks to alternate in turn. A wall with a thickness of one and one-half bricks is built with one row of top bricks and one row of parallel bricks. 1. The wall with thick bricks is built with top and horizontal bricks staggered, and the staggered horizontal joints are staggered by 1/4 bricks for the top and bottom bricks of the upper and lower floors. The half-brick-thick wall is completely built with straight bricks, and the staggered horizontal and vertical joints are the upper and lower bricks moving half of the bricks.

2. When the form of the interface is interrupted in the process of laying the wall, the brick laying should leave a step-shaped staggered platform, and it is not allowed to leave a vertical interface and a tooth-shaped interface, only when the bricks are combined. It is only allowed to leave a tooth interface with a size of 1/4~1/2 brick length. Due to the different direction of the flame, the position of the folding flame wall is also different. The refractory bricks used for the folding flame wall can be divided into two types: standard type and special-shaped bricks, which are difficult to build. If the bricks cannot go down, no matter the reason If it is caused, only bricks can be processed. It is not allowed to knock down bricks with a hammer. When building a folded flame wall,
The following provisions shall be observed:
(1) The pipes related to the masonry of the folding flame wall should be flat and meet the requirements of masonry, and the spacing should meet the design regulations;
(2) The masonry of the folded flame wall should be built before the outer wall, or at the same time as the outer wall. According to the thickness of the outer wall, it can extend into 1/2 or 1/4 brick of the side wall. An expansion joint should be left between the folding flame wall and the outer wall, and the size error should not exceed 0-5mm. The expansion joints should be tightly packed with asbestos rope or refractory fibers;
(3) The folded flame wall shall be built with bricks of the same height and size in the same layer;
(4) For special-shaped bricks with fixed bolt holes, the fixed bolts can be welded only after the dry row and test build layer by layer, and the position of the bolt holes is marked on the pipe.

The front and rear arches of the furnace wall are masonry. The hanging bricks of the front and rear arches of the furnace wall are made of special-shaped bricks and special-shaped bricks. Before masonry, check the size of the distance between bricks and pipes, and pull the wire during masonry to ensure the smoothness of the masonry surface. The flatness deviation of the suspended bricks should not be less than 4mm. Each brick should be trial-laid, and unsuitable bricks should be processed. If the hole is too large to cause uneven brick surface, a thin steel plate should be placed in the hole to level it, and the wires should be drawn at both ends in advance to find out small errors and adjust according to the specific situation. , so that the total amount of brick processing is small, and then the wire is built from the middle to both sides. When processing and cutting special-shaped bricks, the strength of the main bearing places shall not be weakened. When trimming the hanging holes of the hanging bricks, the matching gap should not be greater than 5mm, and a mallet should be used when hitting the bricks. The front and rear arch hanging bricks should start from the arch foot and hang from the bottom to the top in the horizontal order. It is strictly forbidden to hang the adjacent vertical bricks after each vertical brick is hung, because doing so will cause the accumulation of errors in the brick joints, which will cause The vertical seam between the bricks is out of tolerance.